将气候变化的减缓/适应同时纳入贫困农村发展的研究与实践—以陕西长武县宇家山村为例
The Studies and Practice of Mitigation and Adaptation on the Climate Change to the Development in Poverty Rural Areas in Shaanxi—To Take Yujiashan Village in Changwu County as an Example
作者: 罗 坤 , 胡祖庆 , 胡想顺 , 赵惠燕 :西北农林科技大学,陕西 杨凌;
关键词: 气候变化; 减缓; 低碳减排; 适应; 扶贫; 农村发展; Climate Change; Mitigation; Low Carbon Emission; Adaptation; Poverty Alleviation; Rural Development
摘要:Abstract: Objective: Currently, climate change has become one of the most important factors to affect the global sustainable development and it is one of the main factors to farmers stricken the poverty as well. The Yujiashan village is located at Ting Kou Town in Xianyang City, which is a component of the Loess Plateau of Shaanxi arid area. The climate change posed the significant influence on the ecological and agricultural production of this village. To explore a pathway of applying the prin-ciples of the sustainable development of reducing the carbon emission into the works of poverty alleviation in rural area, the current study takes this village as a pilot to conduct the research fo-cused on the development with reducing the carbon emission and adaptation to climate change in poverty rural areas. Methods: 1) Building the new village of low carbon emission, energy saving, and earthquake proofing; 2) Developing a number of industries associated to the local major Agricultural products, expanding the ways of livelihood for local farmers, improving the ecological environment and improving the income level; 3) Applying a series of development mode in adap-tation, low carbon and sustainable development to the agricultural production, farmer’s life and ability enhancement, in order to promote the development in rural communities with low carbon emission. Results: 1) The total CO2 emission reduction of the village had reduced 8593 tons, average per capita emission reduction was 14.61 tons. If above strategy could popularize to the rural area around China (in terms of 800 million farmers), there are 11.69 trillion tons CO2 emission reduction in each year. 2) To adapt the climate change, this village was built with resistance to earthquake with magnitude 8, and set up 2 escape and refuge places, equipped with emergency facilities. 3) Compared to the past, farmers adopted a variety of strategies to control the pests, including set up 40 solar insecticidal lamps, release the 15 Million natural enemies, straw returning to field, spraying the bio pesticides instead of 20% fertilizer and 50% pesticides, staple industries have chosen the resistant varieties and disaster prevention and mitigation measures. 4) Among them, 25 farmers had participated in the training about disaster management and established the organization and mechanism of disaster management in their village; 50 farmers were participated in the training related to cooperative and e-commerce and found 6 online shops, based on that, local agricultural products could be sale in modern ways; 8 times per year of technical training and tracking associated in real-time agricultural production and significantly improved farmers’ ability of response to climate change. Conclusion: In response to climate change, combined the adaptation and mitigation in the traditional sustainable development are more effective than separately considered the solution of climate risk and emission reduction, and the more specific way connects the climate change and improves the ability of adaptation and resilience for poverty population and is in community.
文章引用: 罗 坤 , 胡祖庆 , 胡想顺 , 赵惠燕 (2016) 将气候变化的减缓/适应同时纳入贫困农村发展的研究与实践—以陕西长武县宇家山村为例。 气候变化研究快报, 5, 116-125. doi: 10.12677/CCRL.2016.52015
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