论汉语“见”的语法化现象
On the Grammaticalization of Jian in Chinese
作者: 陈健荣 :香港中文大学,香港;香港理工大学,香港;
关键词: 见; 汉语; 语法化; 语义演变; 语义分析法; “Jian”; Chinese; Grammaticalization; Semantic Change; Semantic Analysis
摘要:Abstract: Croft (1990) argues that desemanticization, in which a linguistic element losses its lexical meaning, is an associate phenomenon of grammaticalization. For example, the expression “be going to” in English was once having a concrete lexical meaning (that somebody is travelling to somewhere). After undergoing the process of grammaticalization, it lost the lexical meaning “to go” and acquired a grammatical meaning (i.e.: a future-tense marker). However, the argument of “losses of meaning” is quite vague. How can we observe the changes of meaning? How can we describe the changes of meaning in an objective manner? This article, through studying the grammaticalization of Jian in Chinese, intends to apply “semantic analysis” to observe how the meanings of a linguistic forms change. There are four arguments proposed by this article: 1) Jian was grammaticalized into a passive marker in pre-Qin; 2) Jian was grammaticalized into a resultative complement in Tang; 3) Jian is undergoing the third grammaticalization path and acquiring the function of a subordinative conjunction; 4) Through studying the three grammaticalization paths of Jian, we argue that “semantic analysis” can help us to understand more about grammaticalization.
文章引用: 陈健荣 (2014) 论汉语“见”的语法化现象。 现代语言学, 2, 1-6. doi: 10.12677/ML.2014.21001
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