富铬灵芝发酵米谷粉之抗氧化和降血糖研究
Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Effect of Chromium Enriched Ganoderma lucidum Fermented Rice Flour
作者: 林伯勋 , 陈淑德 , 陈辉煌 ：国立宜兰大学食品科学系，宜兰市;
关键词: 铬； 灵芝； 抗氧化； 降血糖； Chromium； Ganoderma lucidum； Antioxidant； Hypoglycemic
摘要:>Ganoderma lucidum is one of the most important Chinese medicinal and edible mushrooms. The most im- portant active components of G. lucidum were polysaccharides and triterpenoids. They have been proven to possess many pharmacological functions such as antioxidant, anti-hepatitis, hypoglycemic activity, anti-inflammation and hy- pocholesterolemia. Trivalent chromium for diabetes can improve blood sugar control and glucose tolerance. Therefore, the different chromium concentrations (0, 100 and 200 ppm) were added in brown rice medium with 50% moisture content for 14-day solid-state fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum at 30℃. Further the Ganoderma lucidum fermented brown rice products were extracted by microwave to analyze the antioxidant activities and hypoglycemic effects. The 200 ppm chromium addition level in Ganoderma lucidum fermented brown rice product had higher polysaccharides, total phenol, ferrous ions and reducing power. The different ethanol concentrations (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 95%) were used for extracting chromium enriched Ganoderma lucidum fermented rice products by 300 W microwave for 10 min, and 25% ethanol obtained more active compounds, such as 19.75% crude polysaccharides, 0.34% crude triterpe- noids, and 0.0026% total chromium. The mice were divided to normal group, Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mice groups containing control group and 50 ppm Ganoderma lucidum (GL) extracts group. After 4-week feeding, water intake, feed intake and plasma glucose of mice were analyzed. The feed intake and water intake significantly decreased at STZ-induced mice groups with 50 ppm GL extracts by 25% ethanol after 2-week and 3-week, respectively; and the hypoglycemic effects were appeared after 4-week feeding.
文章引用: 林伯勋 , 陈淑德 , 陈辉煌 (2013) 富铬灵芝发酵米谷粉之抗氧化和降血糖研究。 食品与营养科学， 2， 56-62. doi: 10.12677/HJFNS.2013.24011
参考文献
[1] 卢振, 陈金和, 王雨来 (2003) 灵芝的研究及应用进展. 时珍国医国药, 9, 577-581.
[2] 陈淑德, 林秀芸, 郑永祥 (2009) 通湿气恒温固态发酵槽. 专利证号: M350554.
[3] Halliwell, B., Murcia, M.A., Chirico, S. et al. (1995) Free radi- cals and antioxidants in food and in vivo: What they do and how they work. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 35, 7-20.
[4] Mustafa, A., Nilufer, O., Didem, D. et al. (2010) Hypoglycemic activity and antioxidant potential of some medicinal plants tradi- tionally used in Turkey for diabetes. Journal of Ethnopharma- cology, 4, 384-389.
[5] 洪亮, 杨开, 邵平 等 (2009) 破壁灵芝孢子粉的制备及体外抗氧化活性研究. 浙江食用菌, 4, 55-58.
[6] 王子庆, 沈盈贝, 林丽娟 等 (2011) 灵芝乙醇萃取物抗氧化与抗致突变性评估. 大仁学报, 39, 17-34.
[7] Tseng, Y.H., Yang, J.H. and Mau, J.L. (2008) Antioxidant prop- erties of polysaccharides from Ganoderma tsugae. Food Chem- istry, 107, 732-738.
[8] Pattar, G.R., Tackett, L., Liu, P. et al. (2006) Chromium picoli- nate positively influences the glucose transporter system via af- fecting cholesterol homeostasis in adipocytes cultured under hyperglycemic diabetic conditions. Mutation Research, 6, 93- 100.
[9] Wang, J., Zhang, J., Wang, X. et al. (2009) A comparison study on microwave-assisted extraction of Artemisia sphaerocephala polysaccharides with conventional method: Molecule structure and antioxidant activities evaluation. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 45, 483-492.
[10] Toepfer, E.W., Mertz, W., Polansky, M.M. et al. (1977) Prepara- tion of chromium-containing material of glucose tolerance factor activity from brewer yeast extracts and by synthesis. Journal of Agricultural Chemistry, 25, 162-166.
[11] Dubois, M., Gilles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K. et al. (1956) Colori- metric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Chemistry, 28, 350-356.
[12] Chang, C.Y., Lue, M.Y. and Pan, T.M. (2005) Determination of adenosine, cordycepin and ergosterol contents in cultivated An- trodia camphorate by HPLC method. Journal of Food and Durg Analysis, 13, 388-342.
[13] 孙凤, 蔡铮, 杨得坡 等 (2010) 液相色谱－质谱联用定量分析威灵仙及其同属植物中4种三萜皂苷. 分析化学, 9, 1293- 1298.
[14] 潘书毓 (2002) 台湾产山药之酚类含量及抗氧化特性与加工影响. 私立中国文化大学生活应用科学所, 台北.
[15] Gressier, B., Vasseur, J., Dine, T. et al. (2000) Phenolic com- pounds and antioxidant activities of buckwheat (Fagopyrum es- culentum Moench) hulls and flour. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 72, 35-42.
[16] Shimada, K., Fujikawa, K. and Nakamura, T. (1992) Anti-oxi- dative properties of xanthan on the autoxidation of soybean oil in cyclodextrin emulsion. Journal of Agriculture and Food Che- mistry, 40, 945-948.
[17] Dinis, T.C., Madeira, P. and Almeida, L.M. (1994) Action of phenolic derivatives (acetaminophen, salicylate, and 5-amino salicylate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Archives of Biochemistry and Bio- physics, 315, 161-169.
[18] Oyaizu, M. (1986) Studies on products of browning reactions: Antioxidative activities of products of browning reaction pre- pared from glucosamine. Japanese Journal of Nutrition, 44, 307-315.
[19] Seto, S.W., Lam, T.Y., Tam, H.L. et al. (2009) Novel hypogly- cemic effects of Ganoderma lucidum water-extract in obese/dia- betic (+db/+db) mice. Phytomedicine, 16, 426-436.
[20] Li, T.H., Hou, C.C., Chang, L.T. et al. (2011) Anti-hyperglyce- mic properties of crude extract and triterpenes from Poria cocos. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 24, 1-8.